II. The fuse to university students protesting on TianAnMen Square

On the 15th day of April, 1989, Hu Yuebang died of heart disease. He was thought by Chinese people, especially university students, as a firm political reformer. With the termination of the chaotic cultural revolution, people pinned hope on Deng to go the capitalist road, but Deng disappointed them by going the capitalist road financially only, and refusing to go the capitalist road politically. The disappointment of Deng also lay in his rejection to redress the anti-rightist movement as a whole and in his forcing Hu to resign.
From the 15th day to the 17th day, people kept coming to the TianAnMen Square and put wreaths, white banners, white flowers and paper couplets around the Monument of People's Heroes in memory of Hu. On the 16th day, a student from Beijing University quietly sat there on a small stool he had brought with a long slip of white paper on him bearing the words: “Eternal farewell, (Hu) Yuebang!” In many universities in Shanghai and other cities, students put up slogans in memory of Hu. Everything was in order.
On TianAnMen Square, about 4 o'clock in the afternoon on the 17th day, over 20 students played mourning music and shouted something like “Long live freedom!” “Long live democracy!” “Long live law system!” (In communist China, law is only a decoration. The party decides everything even against the law they make.) And some other slogans. At 4:30, a parade came into the square, singing L'Internationale. Then they dispersed quietly. Round 7 o'clock, about 3,000 people gathered there in memorial activities. Past 8 o'clock, the memorial service of the crowds reached its climax. Many students chanted poems of their own composition and applause sounded vehemently. Just past midnight on the 18th day, more than 1,000 students from Beijing University came, joined by students of other universities, totaling 3,000. They yelled with something like “Long live freedom!” “Long live democracy!” and “Down with bureaucratists!” while singing L'Internationale.

In the early morning of the 18th day, hundreds of students sat before the Great Hall of the People demanding the reception of the leaders to have a talk. They made 7-items requisition:
1, re-evaluate the merits and demerits of Hu Yuebang and acknowledge his points of view in democracy, freedom, leniency and harmony.
2, thoroughly negate decisions of anti-bourgeois-liberalization and clearing spiritual pollution. Redress the wrong cases for intellectuals.
3, yearly income from all sources of the national leaders and their family members must be open to people. Oppose corruption and embezzlement.
4, lift the ban and permit people to run private newspapers. Have freedom of speech.
5, increase the educational expenditure and pay of intellectuals.
6, denounce the 10 regulations issued by Beijing government about demonstration.
7, demand government leaders to make open self-criticisms to people for their mistakes and re-elect part of the leaders through democratic method.
The students demanded that the government should put their requisitions on newspapers and make an open answer to people. Would the party leaders meet the wishes of the students? Surely never. Most Chinese rulers from the history always resorted to arms in their dealing with common people. How could the communist party be an exception, though they said that they served people? Besides, all the requisitions were what they hated. They hated democracy, freedom of speech, of publication and of demonstration. The requisition they could not accept mostly was to let their illegal income open to public. Supposing if they yielded to demand of students, it would make them lose face. In Chinese tradition, face is very important to the individual, especially to those in power. They will never do anything to lose face if they can help it. Moreover, they were never lenient to common people. Therefore, the result was foreseeable and predictable. The bravery of the students was much admired by the world as they certainly knew that when they were doing so, they were taking the risk of imprisonment and even death.
At the time, Zhao Ziyang was the general secretary. According to theory and rules, he should be in charge of everything in the country. He should have the final say. So he sent someone to receive the representatives of the students and accept their letter of petition. However, he could not make the final decision about their requisitions. He had those old cadres over him or behind him. Those old cadres controlled the army while he did not. In communist China only those in control of the army had the final say to anything and everything.

In the night of the 19th day of April, 3,000 students gathered before Xinhua Gate, which is the entrance to Zhongnanhai, where the party leaders lived. There were also 7,000 spectators. The whole day, no leaders came out to see the students. So they yelled, “Come out, Li Peng!” Li Peng was the premier at the time. Leaders of the party and government divided into two different opinions towards the students. Zhao, the general secretary, wanted to have a talk with students while Li, the premier, and those old cadres, refused to talk with those youngsters. The leaders of Beijing City handed in a report to the central committee of CPC in a negative attitude.
From 11 o'clock at night of the 20th day, to 1 o'clock in early morning of the 21st day, students of Beijing University had a meeting to decide to set up the “Preparatory Committee of Solidarity Student Association of Beijing University” to organize the united action. They made another demand to release Wei Jingsheng. They contacted the students of other universities to set up a common organization for the petition. It was because three students, when returning to dorm after the memorial activities in the night of the 19th day, were attacked by police and one of the students, Wang Zhinyong was severely hurt. The students required to punish those attacking the students. They refused to go to classes like on strike. Some hundred students from Tianjin or other cities came to Beijing to join in the memorial activities in support to Beijing students. Even professors, writers, the press, and people of other callings, supported the students.
In the morning of the 22nd day of April, there was a funeral for Hu Yuebang in the People's Hall. During the whole process, till Hu's hearse went to the graveyard, everything was in order. Students quietly mourned. Three students knelt before the People's Hall, holding the letter of petition, because no one came out to take the letter from them yet. In front of them there lined up armed police and soldiers. There were more spectators than students. The crowds had somewhat body touch with the police. Some students came to tell crowds to stand back and order restored. Then two men came out to talk with the students. At round 1:30 in the afternoon, students went back to their dorms, but they still refused to have classes, as they were waiting for the reply from the government. News went round that the 38th army was maneuvering to Beijing. At 2 o'clock in the afternoon on the 23rd day of April, there appeared the declaration of the ph.d. students in the People's University of China, which read as follows:

1, entirely support the 7-items requisitions of the university students in Beijing, firmly support all the patriotic democratic movements of people of all classes.
2, all ph.d. students join the strike from this moment.
3, (now that it is) “collective leadership, and the mistakes from policies made collectively,” (words of Li Peng) leaders should resign collectively to show the honesty of the “collective responsibilities.” (words of Li Peng.) (This requisition meant that Li Peng's cabinet must resign collectively.)
4, strongly demand that all the leaders over 75 years old, either in the party, or in the government, or in the army, should resign.
5, stop violence, protect human rights. The army should not interfere with national affairs.
6, the expenditure of the CPC should not be paid from the national treasury.
7, lift the ban to newspapers. Freedom of the press. Permit private newspapers, radio and TV stations.
8, let people from different classes organize a probity committee to check the corruption among the leaders of the party and the government. Investigate the unlawful business activities of the children and relatives of the old cadres and publicize the results.
When Li Peng was reported about it, he said that this declaration was openly to challenge the party. In other cities students joined in the patriotic movement to save China from corruption. In XiAn, some students in the demonstration were beaten and wounded. Some even disappeared after arrest. In Shanghai, Jiang Zeming, the municipal party secretary ordered Qin Benli, the chief editor of World Economic Herald to be dismissed from office because he supported the students' movement. Jiang's suppression of the World Economic Herald was much appreciated by the old cadres and that was why he was later to be selected as the general secretary to replace Zhao Ziyang. Hu Jintao was selected as the successor of Jiang Zeming because he suppressed the Tibetans when he was the party secretary there. From this, the world can see that the Chinese communist party selected their successors by the rule that the successors should be firmly against the people, never for the people. Those for the people must go down from power like Hu Yuebang and Zhao Ziyang.

On the 26th day of April, the People Daily published an editorial to define the students' petition as a riot. The bugle for killing sounded, but the students ignored. Maybe, they were too young to be aware of such dirty political plots. A student told his family that he would sacrifice his dear life to save the country. He determined that once he left home, he would never come back alive. On the 27th day, besides in Beijing, students in many main cities held demonstrations. Under the approval of Deng, a tank division of the 38th corps maneuvered towards Beijing. But at the time, no soldiers interfered with students' demonstrations. Anyway, party leaders had different opinions about the students' movement. The general secretary Zhao maintained the idea to talk with students to solve the problems and to have press reform for freedom of report while Li Peng, the premier, opposed it, supported by Deng and old cadres.
On the 4th day of May, 1919, university students in Peking had a demonstration. Therefore, the 4th day of May was set as Youth Day when the communist party began their rule in mainland, China. Every Youth Day, students will have some activities for celebration. Now the Youth Day would soon come in 1989. The authorities knew that students would have a parade. So the general secretary Zhao would make a speech. The premier Li wanted Zhao to add “anti-bourgeois liberalization” in Zhao's speech, but Zhao said that it was not appropriate to add such a phrase in the speech at the time. Now it's time to appease but not to enrage students. The reasonable speech was welcomed by students, but some old cadres criticized Zhao for so saying. They wanted strong words to threaten students so that students could be quieted and go back to their desks. Therefore some leaders from Beijing government criticized the letter of petition handed in by students and declared that there were some evil conspirators behind all this. That was not the truth. Students could not accept it. As a matter of fact, this is the old ruse the communist party often uses. Whenever there are some riots among people for maintaining their lawful rights harmed by the local governments or those supported by local governments, the communist party will say that there must be some international plotters or imperialists behind the riots.
This May-4th was the 70th anniversary of May-4th movement in 1919. Students in Beijing and in other main cities held parades. Even newspapers staff took part in. General secretary Zhao gave an impromptu speech in order to assuage the students. But premier Li thought that Zhao's speech was against the spirit of the April-26th editorial, which had already defined the students' movement as a riot. In the communist notion, any riot should be suppressed by force, not smoothed off by talk and yielding.
In the afternoon of the 9th day of May, two newspaper reporters handed in a letter of petition with 1,013 signatures to the leaders in charge of the party's propaganda work to ask for a talk how to restore Qin Benli to be the chief editor of the World Economic Herald. Of course, it had no result.

III. The students' hunger strike began
Since the government did not give students a reasonable answer, the students decided to go on the hunger strike. Their slogan was “I love food, but I love truth more.” They did not say how long the hunger strike would be. A student said that it would be timeless, meaning till they got satisfactory answer from the government.
On the 13th day of May, in the morning, they made a Declaration of Hunger Strike, which read in the following (extract):
“In the sunshiny May, we go on hunger strike. In the best time of youthfulness, we have to leave behind us all the beauties of life. We are so unwilling, so reluctant. ...
Democracy in life is the greatest emotion for living. Liberty is the human rights endowed by Heaven with birth. So for these we will use our young lives to exchange. Is this the pride of the Chinese nation? …
We are still children, we are still children! Mother China, open thy eyes to look at thy children! Although hunger's mercilessly destroying their young lives, and Death's approaching them, how canst thou not be moved?
We don't want to die. We want to live happily, because we are in the prime of our years. We don't want to die. We want to learn more, as our motherland is still so short of things. We are not so heartless to die thus, leaving our motherland behind like this. Death is not what we are in pursuit of. But if death of someone, or some ones can make most people live better, can make our motherland flourishing, we have no reason to treasure our lives.
Fathers and mothers, when we are suffering from hunger, do not lament. Uncles and aunties, when we bid farewell to our lives, do not cry. We have only one wish to make you live better. We have only one request: don't forget what we are going after is not death. …
Farewell, our people, please allow us to have to thus end our lives to show our loyalty! ...”
Among those on hunger strike was the world-renowned Liu Xiaobo, the winner of Nobel peace prize. The communist government refused him to be present at the ceremony and receive it. In the evening of that day, 300 professors and young teachers of Beijing university wrote an open letter to the central committee of CPC, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and the state council. On the 14th day, part of the teaching staff of some universities proposed teachers' strike. Some government leaders did have a talk with the student representatives, who requested that for a good commence of the talk, the first question that should be solved was that this event was a patriotic movement to save the country from corruption and embezzlement, not a riot against the party and government. But the government leaders did not make a positive reply so that the talk could not be continued.

During the hunger strike, Gorbachev, the head of the Soviet communist party, came to China on a visit. Since the students occupied the TianAnMen Square, the Chinese government had to change the location for reception ritual, which, in their opinion, made them lose face. In their narrow mind, the relationship between students and the government should be like father and son. No equal rights between them. So the party leaders were angry. The general secretary Zhao was criticized for the weakness in his attitude towards the students. Besides, in Zhao's talk with Gorbachev, he was thought to have said something like Deng Xiaoping, though not the head of the nation or the party in name, could decide everything in national affairs. Those old cadres thought that this was a secret and should not be known to a foreign leader, but all the Chinese people knew it, let alone the foreign leaders, that Deng, though only the chairman of the central military committee in control of the army, was in fact over the general secretary Zhao in power. The Chinese party leaders always played the ostrich, burying its head in sands. They thought that once they controlled the press, the radio and TV stations, people would not know what happened in China. Besides the above-mentioned, Deng wanted to put Beijing under the martial law, supported by premier Li, but Zhao said that it was not the right time to do it. On such accusations, Zhao was removed from the office of general secretary and put in confinement ever since. All the time during his confinement, he just played golf and relaxed. He rejected to self-criticize as he thought he was not wrong. He died of kidney disease on the 16th day of January, 2005.
Then who would be the general secretary was an urgent question. According to the tradition of the communist party, the premier would be the first candidate, like when Hu Yuebang was out of the office of the general secretary, the premier Zhao Ziyang succeeded him. Now the premier Li Peng should be the successor, but some old cadres said that Li's disrepute among people made him improper to take this office. So finally, the old cadres decided that Jiang Zeming, the party secretary of Shanghai should be the general secretary as he was firm in opposition of the student movement. Jiang became the next general secretary of the party. In accordance with the communist party constitution, the change of the general secretary must be decided in the central committee of CPC, not decided privately by some old cadres. Therefore, this was deemed as a bloodless coup d'etat, not a routine procedure. Premier Li had expected to be made the general secretary, but now was disappointed. Deng, as a shrewd politician, had a talk with premier Li and hinted a warning to him not to form any clique.

IV. The slaughter of the unarmed students on TianAnMen Square

Generally people thought that the slaughter mostly happened on TianAnMen Square, because foreign reporters mainly lodged in Beijing Hotel, and so they knew mostly what happened around TianAnMen Square in their reports. But most killings occurred in Muxidi in west Beijing, 3 or 4 km from TianAnMen Square. The army went through this place to TianAnMen Square. That is where the army began the killings. That is where most people were killed or wounded.
Therefore, the martial law was carried out. The armed forces in positions ready to act reached 180,000. The 24th army, the 27th army, the 28th army, the 38th army, the 63rd army, the 65th army, and the 39th army and the 40th army from Shenyang military zone, and the 54th army and the 67th army from JiNan military zone, were ordered to maneuver to the assigned positions. It looked like another civil war would have soon broken out. What the army facing was only the unarmed students. But the commander of the 38th army refused to move. Some army officers wrote an open letter to the central military committee of CPC not to suppress the innocent students, who were not the enemy of the nation.
The martial law incited students and common people in Beijing as it had never occurred since the establishment of this republic. So people in Beijing used everything to set up barriers to prevent the army from entering the city. Throngs of people went to meet military trucks and surrounded them so that the trucks were stuck there. At that time, the order was not to use weapons.
An alabaster Statue of Democracy was made. On the 30th day of May, this statue was erected in TianAnMen Square in comparison of the Statue of Liberty in New York City. Students on hunger strike knew that talk with the government was impossible to continue. But many students persisted. On the 1st day of June, the international children's day, some parents brought their children to TianAnMen Square and took photos under the Statue of Democracy. In the morning of the 2nd day of June, the old cadres had a meeting to determine to clear the square of the students on hunger strike.

At 6:30 in the evening on the 3rd day of June, the government of Beijing announced an urgent proclamation warning people not to go out, especially not to TianAnMen Square, and as long as people stayed at home, their safety was guaranteed. This public announcement smelled of gunpowder, but students on hunger strike did not think that way. They felt safe with the conviction that the communist party loved their people and the people's government would never kill their own people. If it did occur, it was really unprecedented. It is true that humans have short memory. Just over 10 years, the cultural revolution happened, which was thought unprecedented. If one thing unprecedented happened, why could not another unprecedented thing happen too?
After 10 o'clock at night, the 27th army marched into the city, people in Beijing still tried to stop soldiers from coming into the city. But this time it seemed that CPC determined to let their soldiers kill people. Common people in Beijing who supported the students began to push five trolley buses onto the Muxidi Bridge, through which way the army would come to TianAnMen Square. When a tank came to shovel the buses away, so many crowds forming a human wall on the other side of the buses pushed the buses against the tank. There was a loud bang. The tank didn't succeed to shovel away the buses. Crowds gave out loud cheers. It repeated several times. Such heroic scene had never been sees even in movies. Then the army used tear shells and people had to retreat and hide among bushes or after buildings. So more than a tank came to push aside the buses and soldiers rushed in while they randomly shot their guns. Gun reports were heard and the wounded were carried away for treatment. The soldiers came to the housing building where some old cadres lived, and so it was called the Minister Building. Some hundreds of people stood on the flat roof, watching. They never thought that the soldiers would shoot at them since they were just on-lookers. But the soldiers did fire at the building, which caused the protest of the old cadres later in the congress. Then some soldiers set fire to the buses, making it a false evidence that mobs did it and so they were right to shoot mobs, just like the case of Reichstag fire by Hitler in Germany.

At 11:30, the first tank appeared in TianAnMen Square. People put barriers before it too and then it went away, crushing the barriers. At 3 o'clock in the morning on the 4th day, Liu Xiaobo and three others told the students that bloodshed began and they must leave. At 4 o'clock, all lights went out on the square. Some soldiers shot down the big loudspeakers that the students tied on some lampposts. They drove students away with guns, not firing yet. So student started to retreat, but at 4:30, all lights were on, and the withdrawing students found facing soldiers and tanks in front. There still were around 200 students staying in the square. Soldiers encircled them. Many people, including students, were apprehended. The statistics of casualties and the wounded varied as the government never issued the exact numbers. They even denied that slaughter happened on the square, a typical lie with so many witnesses. Anyway, the Chinese red cross gave their statistics that the casualties were 2,600. Afterwards, an officer from International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies revealed that about 5,000 were killed and close to 30,000 wounded.
Since the slaughter caused the strong reaction from people and some old cadres, the CPC military committee maneuvered the 38th army to replace the 27th army for the aftermath clearance. But an the 27th army withdrew out of Beijing on the 7th day of June (07/06), on the way some soldiers fired at the Diplomatic Residence Compound, causing the escape of the frightened foreigners in Beijing, which was called the 07/06 event.
From the TV screen people in the world could see tanks moving forth and a young man jumped on one tank and then jumped down. He was later arrested and no one knew what became of him. A rumor went that all the soldiers participating in the massacre had been forced to have injection of some kind to make them exciting for killing, or not caring for killing. All countries in the world made protestations against such brutal action. All people in the world were shocked at the massacre of the unarmed students. It showed that the communist party of China can do anything for their own benefits. How can they be trustworthy?
Before CPC came into power on the mainland, they always criticized Chiang Kai-shek government when Chiang's police only used fire hydrant water to disperse students in demonstration. They never used guns to kill students.

Chapter 22   What else happened before the death of Deng Xiaoping
 
I. The dispute of Hongkong issue
When it was still the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government was defeated in the first opium war by England and signed the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. For the second opium war in 1860, the Qing government signed the Treat of Peking. In both treaties, the Qing government agreed to alienate Hongkong and Kowloon to England forever. No time limit for these two regions. But on the 9th day of June in 1898, the Qing government signed The Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory to lease the new territories to England for 99 years.
In March of 1979, Sir Murray McLehose visited China to start the negotiation for the Hongkong issue. On the 24th day of September, 1982, Mrs. Thatcher, British prime minister, came to China to negotiate with Deng Xiaoping about the Hongkong issue. Mrs. Thatcher held that since Hongkong and Kowloon were alienated to England forever, China should not take them back. China could take back the new territories at the end of the 99 year lease. However, Deng said that the communist party never acknowledged the legality of the occupation of Hongkong and Kowloon. And Deng added that China would take back them together with the new territories, even by forces, if needed. The argument of Mrs. Thatcher went against a wall. A wall with no reasoning.

What can a lady do in face of a thug? A thug will do everything by hook or by crook to serve his purpose. Therefore, Mrs. Thatcher had to consent to return Hongkong, Kowloon, and the new territories to China on the 1st day of July in 1997. And Deng guaranteed that the present system in Hongkong would not change in 50 years. What about after 50 years? Deng didn't say. But everyone could understand that changes would certainly occur.
Then Deng made a policy called “one nation, two systems.” Deng thought that this policy could be used to Taiwan issue too, if some day Taiwan surrendered to the mainland. Can the Chinese communist party permit the co-existence of the democratic system and the tyrannical system within their power? Impossible. Once the president of Taiwan declared that if the communist party could adopt democratic system, Taiwan would immediately unite with the mainland. It is thus simple for the mainland and Taiwan to unite. But the communist party will never change their tyrannical system and the solution of the Taiwan issue will surely be done by force, in the future, like in the Chinese history.
After the return of Hongkong, it was made a special administrative region. The head was called chief executive. But the chief executive was decided by the communist party in Beijing, even if by election. The communist party can use their influence to let the chosen person get more votes than others, if there are other candidates. So the chief executives in the special administrative region are all puppets of the communist central government. The communist party is trying to change the administrative system even before 50 years is over. Their scheme failed because of the strong opposition of Hongkong people. But it is foreseeable that sooner or later, the communist party will make changes in the political system in Hongkong by force as they have army already there.

II. Two different views among party leaders: reform or not reform

After the June-4th event in 1989, especially after the breakup of the Soviet Union in August, 1991, there arose two different opinions about reform and open policy among the party leaders. Some thought that reform went too fast. When Jiang Zeming became the general secretary, he and premier Li Peng held conservative views about reform. There even sprang up the old question of whether going the capitalist road or the socialist road. Recent facts revealed that Jiang Zeming's father, Jiang Shijun, alias Jiang Guanqian, had worked in the puppet government of Wang Jingwei in Anti-Japanese War. Anyone worked with the Japanese was defined as traitor. It was, of course, that a son was not responsible for the action of his father. Only Jiang Zeming concealed this fact to the party, or he would never be chosen as the general secretary of CPC, the son of a traitor.
Accordingly, Deng was the one insisting on going the capitalist road. On the 18th day of January in 1992, Deng traveled south, imaginably imitating Mao traveling south before the cultural revolution, but this time no one had such strength and power to oppose him. Unlike Mao having secret talks with local leaders, Deng made open speeches to warn those in opposition to the reform. He said whoever against the reform must resign. Then the general secretary Jiang Zeming declared to support Deng. Unlike Zhao, the ex-general secretary, an upright man, persisting in his viewpoints, Jiang was a typical opportunist, changing his views easily. If he dared to say anything against reform, he would certainly be forced to resign. In China, power means safety for life. Once out of power, no one can predict what will become of him. Besides, power means personal benefits. So the reform and open policy was carried out without further objection.

III. The Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River

In the early years when the communist party came into power, party leaders intended to construct a colossal dam for the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River. Only at that time, their weak economy could not support such a giant construction work.
The three gorges on the Yangtze River is a beautiful scenic zone in Sichuan province. A legend has it that there lived a goddess on Mt. Wu, who had sex with King Chu thousands of years ago. The ancient poets had written poems about the beauties of the zone.
Then there was a discussion about the goodness and badness of the project. The goodness was the generation of electricity, which could reach 84.6 billion kilowatts annually while able to save the consumption of about 50 million tons of coal; the control of flood or drought in the downstream areas; and the development of fisheries in the reservoir, etc. The badness was that the reservoir would be polluted by the accumulation of garbage or the like, causing epidemic and the water unable to drink; that the natural ecological system would be damaged; and that the geological disasters would happen like landslides, etc.
The party leaders supported the project while experts opposed it. Another reason for objection was that if a war broke out, the dams would be the target of attack. But party leaders had the final say. So on the 3rd day of April, 1992, a bill was passed in the congress about the project. On the 14th day of December, 1994, the project commenced. The reservoir would cover 632 square kilometers and 129 cities and towns would vanish and more than 1.2 million people were forced to relocate at little compensation from the government. The construction lasted for 17 years. A joke goes that the goddess must relocate, too.
The three gorges project on the Yangtze River was boasted of the control of flood in the downstream areas. However, from July to September in 1998, a huge flood took place along the Yangtze River. Several provinces were affected. More than 100 million people suffered from the disaster. 1,000 acres of crops were damaged and over 4,150 people died. 56 million people deserted their homes and went somewhere else for living. Over 4.3 million houses were crashed and the loss was over 255.1 billion yuan of Chinese currency.

Chapter 23   What happened after the death of Deng Xiaoping
 
I. The issue of FaLunGong

After the death of Deng on the 19th day of February in 1997, the general secretary Jiang was now in full power. The major thing he did was his suppression of FaLunGong (FLG), which denotes not persons, but a kind of exercise for health. The persons learning the exercise are called FLG learners.
The event originated like this: a magazine in Tianjin City published an article to imply that anyone who practice FaLunGong would cause trouble, even the destruction of the whole nation. No one knows why an exercise style will have such an effect. When some learners read it they went to the magazine publisher to explain what the exercise really was on the 23rd day of April in 1999. Then came 300 policemen to disperse the crowd and beat and arrest 45 learners. The police said to the learners that if they wanted to petition, they must go to Beijing for it. That was later thought to be the induction to have them to be in Beijing so that the event could be made serious, because generally the local government did not like its people to go to Beijing to complain, which would show the inability of the local government. Now that they were urged to do so was very suspicious. It was naturally thought that the police in Tianjin was instructed to entice the learners to go to Beijing with some sort of purpose. The year of 1999 was the 10th anniversary of the June-4th slaughter. It was the sensitive time to be close to the 4th day of June. Petition of crowds could be deemed a political event against the Party. Anyway, early on the 25th day of April, over 10,000 learners gathered before the reception room of the state council, requesting to stop bothering learners and release learners under custody. The premier Zhu Rongji at the time received the representatives of the learners and learners under custody were released. Everything seemed okay now. But the general secretary Jiang was not happy. He criticized premier Zhu to be too weak in the talk with the learners.
Before this event, quite a few party leaders of high rank supported FaLunGong and said that it was a good exercise for health. Why Jiang wanted to suppress FLG learners was a hard guess. It attributed to that Jiang intended to get rid of some political enemies, who were also learners of this exercise. Nevertheless, Jiang was personally responsible for the suppression of the learners. Jiang set up the 610 Office for that aim. On the 22nd day of July, the government announced to prohibit the exercise of the FaLunGong and declared it to be an evil cult. In fact, FaLungong was only a form of exercise, not a religion. Anyway, in China, the party leaders want to say what you are, and you are whatever it is. No argument.
Then the police wanted to collect evidence for the accusation. They went to homes of the individual learners without a search warranty and took away personal things. A serious event took place on TianAnMen Square on the 23rd day of January, 2001. Xinhua News, the government organization, announced that five FLG learners burned themselves on TianAnMen Square that day. But FLG learners denied that any learners did such a thing. It was conducted by the communist party, just like the Reichstag fire in Germany conducted by Hitler in 1933. After that, learners were arrested and tortured in prison. Many were tormented to death.
If say that this is a political event, it is not true, because no learners had declared to overthrow the rule of the communist party and no learners had criticized the party before the event happened, unless Jiang had a political purpose in doing so.

II. Human organs removal alive in China
Generally for donation or sale, human organs are taken from the body after death. But things in communist China are always different from those in the world. In Guangdong province, people eat the monkey brain alive. Somewhere, the cook cuts chicken meat when the chicken is still alive, which they think is more tasteful than after the chicken is dead. The gall of the bear can be used in Chinese drugs. Recently, people cut the gall out when the bear is alive. Therefore, it is believable that the communist party has the human organs removed alive from FLG learners they had imprisoned secretly somewhere. The targets for the purpose include Tibetans, Uygur people (a minor nationality living in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China), Christians who were forced to gather secretly in the private houses for prayer, and those criticizing the Party.
The crime was first exposed in a hospital in Sujiatun Town. On the 9th day of March, 2006, a doctor there confessed that he himself removed 5,000 corneas from learners alive. 20 days later, the communist government disowned the accusation. But a secret witness pointed out that all the evidence was destroyed or transferred. An anonymous military doctor said that it needed only one day's time to transfer 5,000 people in locked-up train carriages.
Israeli government had apprehended an intermediary for sale of the human organs taken from learners and death-penalty prisoners, and he confessed that these organs were taken when humans were still alive. In 2007, the Canadian independent investigating team issued an investigating report that the accusation was correct. Manfred Nowak, a commissioner from the United Nations, wrote in 2007 to the Chinese government asking for the data of death prisoners. But the Chinese government refused to provide. In November of 2008, the United Nations Committee against Torture suggested that the Chinese government could let an independent team to investigate for this charge. But the Chinese government refused it either. Their refusal just made the world believe that their crime was true. Innocent people will surely let others investigate for the truth to prove their innocence. Such a crime is also unprecedented in the human history.
 
III. The cession of Chinese territory to Russia
On the 9th day of December, 1999, the general secretary Jiang and the Russian leader Putin signed a treaty that made China lose territory of 1.6 million square kilometers comprising of 2,444 islands along the eastern frontier between Russia and China. This news was kept secret from Chinese people, but it soon leaked out and Jiang was blamed as a traitor to the nation on the Internet. Then comments about this issue on the Internet were deleted and people were forbidden to say anything about it. A calculation was made that the territory lost in the northern China was equivalent to 11 times of the area of Taiwan and many many times of the area of Senkaku Islands.

IV. The development of corruption and embezzlement

Corruption and embezzlement always exist in the history of China and has only different degrees in different times. They are almost the important reason for the collapse of every dynasty. That was why, after the communist party gained the reign of the mainland, Mao started a few movements against the corruption and embezzlement among the cadres. Mao himself did not need to embezzle anything, for he could have anything he wanted just like emperors did in the long history of China. That anyone else committed embezzlement was like to take money from his pocket. He must wage movements to stop it.
On the 10th day of February, 1952, two cadres, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan, were executed for the embezzlement. Both embezzled only less than 20,000 yuan. The amount of embezzlement at present reached billions and most embezzlers were not executed. Those executed did not have powerful background as support or were not the family members and relatives of the powerful cadres, who were above the law.
Before the economical reform and open policy, the prices of goods were low and the income was also low. No one could embezzle a lot of money like nowadays. Afterwards when foreign visitors were allowed to come into China, there were two price systems. There were special restaurants and stores for foreigners and the prices were high because foreigners were thought to have high income. The Chinese people had low income, and so the prices set for them were low as they could not afford expensive things. If someone wants to ask: why not let foreign visitors buy things at low prices? The Chinese government wanted to earn more money from foreigners.
After the beginning of the reform and open policy, more and more foreign visitors came and even foreign investors, and so the two price systems had difficulty to maintain. Therefore, low prices were raised to the high level and pay was also raised to corresponding level. But the prices rose faster than the pay and so common people began to hate Deng. That was why the June-4th event happened.
After the death of Deng, the corruption and embezzlement developed rapidly. Anyone who reported and exposed the crime of a cadre would be persecuted. The communist law did not protect common people. On the contrary, it protected cadres even if they committed certain crimes, as long as they did not oppose party leaders. A cadre in a certain province was found guilty and removed from office, but some time afterwards, he was given a position in another province. The crime did not affect him at all.

There were some examples of the cadres who had verdicts. In 1985, Tao Siju, the ex-minister of the Ministry of Public Security, embezzled 700 millions and was only removed from office. In 1995, Chen Xitong, the ex-mayor of Beijing, was put in jail for the embezzlement of 40 millions and was sentenced for 16 years. From 1996 to 2003, Tian Fengshan, when he was the leader of Heilongjiang province and of the Ministry of Land and Resources, took accumulated bribes of 4.36 millions only, but was sentenced for life. On the 22nd day of May, 2005, Wang Zhenzhong, the deputy chief of the municipal police station in Fuzhou City of Fujian province, escaped to the United States with his mistress and with one million dollars. He died in New York City on the 10th day of June, 2007. Many embezzlers, following his example, escaped abroad. Some cadres only let their family members, like wife and children, go abroad, and they themselves still stayed in China, maybe for more embezzlement.
There are some funny things about the embezzling cadres, most of them have mistresses besides lawful wives. The statistics shows that some cadres have more than 100 mistresses. The cadres must support the mistresses if they have no jobs, or must give them expensive gifts like cars and housing, or even money. If not for those gifts or money, why will some younger women be their mistresses? Sometimes if a cadre treats his mistress badly or doesn't meet her demand, the mistress will expose and report his embezzlements and other crimes to authorities. The cadre will be dismissed from office or even arrested. Embezzlements also happen in the army. Wang Shouye, a vice commander of the navy, had a few mistresses, one of them was Jiang, much younger than he. Jiang had been an actress in an army performance troupe. They had a son. So Jiang wanted to be his lawful wife, but Wang could not meet such a demand of hers. Finally Jiang exposed his crimes to the government. On the 29th day of June, 2006, Xinhua News issued an important piece of news that Wang Shouye was removed from his office for the crime of embezzlement amounting to about 100 million. People suggested online that if the Party really wanted to oppose the embezzlement, the government could call on all the mistresses to report the crimes of the cadres.

Another case in Chongqing City is also interesting. Xiao Hua, owner of the dress company WALLENDA, used a female employee Zhao Hongxia to lure Lei Zhengfu, a government cadre, for sex and a photo was taken when they were in the action. Afterwards, the owner used the photo as a threat to the cadre, who had to meet all the owner's demands lest the photo be exposed publicly and he would be removed from office. It happened in 2008. On the 20th day of November, 2012, an article was posted on Internet, with photos of sex actions, revealing the illegal doings of Lei, together with some other cadres. The cadres were, of course, dismissed from office. Then the girl was deemed a heroine since her action caused the downfall of the cadres.
There was a report to the Party when Wu Guanzheng, the secretary of the discipling committee of CPC, left his office at the end of his term. Some statistics is interesting in the report. The value of the property of the high-ranked and mid-ranked cadres in Shanghai is: over 90% have more than 10 million worth of property. In Guangdong province, the percentage is over 99%. From 2003 to 2006, the expenditure from the national treasury for cadres in drinking, eating and other merry-makings reached 300—350 billions. The purchase or change for new cars for cadres to use was of 500,000—650,000 cars per year, costing 200 billions. 95% of the secret entertainment places for cadres had the so-called “red zone”, meaning secret whores, which was under the protection of the local government.

V. Chen Liangyu, victim of the political conflict between two party leaders

Sometimes, the arrest of an embezzling cadre was only for the aim of striking a blow to the political enemy. Chen Liangyu, the municipal party secretary of Shanghai, was a faithful follower of the general secretary Jiang Zeming. When Hu Jintao succeeded Jiang to be the general secretary, he wanted to take over the power, not just the name, of the leading position. For this purpose, he must get rid of the supporters of the former general secretary and appointed supporters of his own. Chen was chosen to be the one to rid of as Shanghai was an important place.
The accusations of Chen included the following crimes. Chen helped his brother Chen Liangjun to get illegal profit of 11.8 billions in the sale of land. In communist China, all land belongs to the government—the Party. Afterwards in the reform and open policy period, powerful people or their relatives and friends could get the right to the use of a certain piece of land. So through the influence of Chen, from 2002 to 2003, his brother got the right to the use of 600 mu (15 mu = 1 hectare), and then 100 mu, both illegally. Then he sold the right to the use of the land and gained vast profit. It was decided to be the “neglect of duties,” not a crime of embezzlement, for Chen Liangyu.
The second thing was that he assented to let some company use one billion of the Shanghai social security funds unlawfully in 2004. And with the consent of Chen, his son got a high position in the company and his annual salary was one million yuan. This was decided to be the abuse of duties. He was also accused of taking bribes amounting 230,000 Hongkong dollars and 100,000 yuan. His wife was assigned a position in Shanghai MWB factory, but never actually went to work there, and got pay amounting 430,000 yuan from 1996 to 2006. So on and so forth.
On the 11th day of April, 2008, Chen Liangyu was sentenced for 18 years and the payment of penalty for 300,000 yuan. Compared with other cases, Chen's case was trivial. Someone commented that Chen was a good cadre and if all the cadres could be like him, the situation in China was much better, and desirable.

VI. Two attempts of assassination of Hu Jintao on the Yellow Sea

In early May of 2006, Hu Jintao, as the chairman of the military committee of CPC, went to Qingdao City to inspect the Chinese navy on the Yellow Sea. At the same time, Jiang Zeming went there, too, with his favorite woman Chen Zhili (not his wife), a member of the state council. Hu was on board of a missile destroyer for the inspection while suddenly two warships of the same fleet opened fire at his vessel. Five enlisted sailors around Hu for protection were killed. The missile destroyer turned round and accelerated away at top speed till it reached a safe zone. To avoid another trial of assassination, Hu rode on a helicopter on the missile destroyer and flew to the base in Qingdao. Then he flew directly to Yunnan province, not to Beijing, as he did not know what was waiting for him in Beijing.
When Jiang was reported that several persons fell on the spot Hu had stood, he was excited, but soon disappointed that Hu was not among those killed. The navy commander Zhang Dingfa was his man, who arranged it. After a week when Hu was sure of his safety, he went back to Beijing. But he could do anything to Jiang or to the navy commander. There was no evidence pointing to either one.
On the 23rd day of April, 2009, there would be a united military operation on the Yellow Sea, joined by 14 countries. Hu got a secret report that there would be another attempt of murder of him at 9 o'clock in the morning that day, which was the time of the beginning of the operation. Therefore, Hu took some preventive steps. 15 minutes before the operation, all of a sudden, Hu gave an order to invite the leaders of the navy delegations from 29 countries to be present at the welcome ceremony at 9:30, which meant that the time of the start of the operation would postpone and which meant that the arrangement of the murder leaked out. Jiang was enraged. The warships arranged for the murdering action must have been controlled by Hu. Another attempt aborted.
The operation began at 2:20 in the afternoon and safely ended at 3:10. The vessels taking part in the operation were the Russian missile cruiser “The Varyag,” the American destroyer “The Fitzgerald,” the French missile frigate “The Vendemiaire,” and the Indian missile destroyer “The Bombay,” etc. etc., plus many Chinese warships. Another victory for Hu over Jiang.
However, though Jiang lost twice against Hu, he had won once in 2002, on the 16th party conference. A decision was passed at the meeting of the political bureau that Jiang must resign from the position of the chairman of the military committee of CPC as well, not just from the position of the general secretary of CPC. But on the 13th day of November when the conference was still in session, out of the expectation of all the representatives, Zhang Wannian, a general of the army, put up a special motion together with other 19 generals, all promoted to the generalship by Jiang. The motion suggested that Jiang should continue to be the chairman of the military committee of CPC. As generals had the command of the army, no representatives dared to say NO. Furthermore, General Zhang forced Hu to say yes or no. He had to agree, though it was against the Party's rule. Nevertheless, Jiang could not be the chairman forever, like Mao till his death. He had to resign in the due time. It was deemed a kind of coup d'etat.

VII. How epidemic in China was treated

In the winter of 2003, SARS broke out in many countries in the world. China had SARS, too, first in the southern provinces and them spread to Shanghai and Beijing. The communist party was used to concealing anything bad from its own people and the world. So China didn't at first report it to the the World Health Organization, because it was round the National Day of the communist China. They planned to have a parade, which could not be canceled owing to the epidemic.
The government announced a SARS vaccine was found and would give it to people in Beijing, especially the students and soldiers who would take part in the parade. So the vaccine was used without first testing it for the actual result in humans. Then all the hospitals in Beijing received a lot of fevered patients, including 7,000 to 8,000 children. On the 27th day, October, a student from Beijing University of Aeronautics died of SARS. For so many SARS patients, some doctors told the truth that the epidemic was really caused by the SARS vaccine. People in other cities like Shanghai refused to have injection of this vaccine.
On the 28th day of October, the Health Ministry gave out SARS statistics that 6,345 cases were confirmed as SARS, including 4 people died of it. But a representative from World Health Organization said that as far as he learned, in Shanghai only, there were over 42,000 cases. It showed that China always gave out fake information about bad things while always exaggerating good things.

VIII. The labor reform system in China

The labor reform system was set up in 1950, which was learned from the Soviet Union. Although the regulations for the labor reform decided that the length of the labor reform was four years, yet there was really no time limit. It depended on the likes or dislikes of the cadres who ruled a certain labor reform camp. If a reformed person could flatter or even bribe the cadres, he or she would be released earlier. If a reformed person offended them, he or she would serve longer time than others. Who would be sent to the labor reform camps? The local government could send persons with minor offenses to the camps without even going through law procedures, such as stealing, fighting in public, some rightists, rapists, even those who had sex with someone other than the spouse. But it was revealed in the cultural revolution that some cadres of high rank stayed in special hospitals raped young nurses and were not punished for it. The communist law is used to deal with people at large, not themselves.
How did the reformed people fare in the labor reform camps? Some women wrote down what they had experienced in the camps and on the day they were released, they wrapped papers written in tiny words in plastic and stuffed it in their vagina, thus brought it out. It was because when they were released, they would be searched from head to toe. If it was found, they would surely get severe punishment or even beaten to death.
In the camps they were badly tortured, sometimes with electricity, cucking stool and other torments. Beating was ordinary. In September of 2011, Wang Guilan, a woman of 62, was released, who brought out a diary written by another woman called Wang Hua. Both lived in the same room. In the labor reform camps, every offender must labor and produce something to reach a certain quantity.
In the diary, on the 22nd day of June, 2011, a woman called Wen Nuan could not complete her assigned quantity and was beaten for several days with black and blue on face. She was forced to clean bathrooms in the daytime and work overtime at night. Once she failed in the suicide by cutting her wrist and got more tortures.
On the 18th day of August, 2011, a woman by the name of Zhang Yahua, was kicked at the crotch, which became swelling and she could not urinate. So on and so forth. Some were tortured to be handicapped. Martin Schulz, the chairman of the European Parliament, said that the labor reform system of China was against the “International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.” No one should be imprisoned without judgment.

IX. Poisonous food and fake drugs in China

It is universally known that many sorts of food in China contain some bad substances that will harm the health of people, and some will even cause death. Here listed only part of them: milk for babies, soy sauce using materials from garbage containing protein like human hair and used medical cotton balls, fake chicken eggs made from chemicals, which is said to be able to bounce like ping-pong balls, flour mixed with talcum powder, etc.
The typical cases were baby milk powder of “Three Deer” brand containing over-dosed melamine which caused kidney stone in babies. By the 21st day of September, 2008, babies that were cured were 39,965; 12,892 were still in the hospital and 4 died. That's why people had no trust in milk products of China make and rushed to buy those of foreign make.
Another case was the poisonous dumplings, which were made by Tianyang food factory in the town of Shijiazhuang in Hebei province in China. The dumplings were exported to Japan and were found to contain methamidophos and DDT, causing over 200 people in Japan to be poisoned. At first the Chinese government said that Japan put in the poison. But on the 27th day of March in 2010, the police in Hebei province arrested the worker called Luu Yueting, who put poison in the dumplings. Maybe, he was just a scapegoat. Who knows?
One more case was the recycled cooking oil, which was the used oil let out into gutter from restaurants. The gutter oil was taken to be reproduced through process of filtering, heating, depositing, and separating, to become cooking oil. The recycled cooking oil is found to comprise cancer-causing substances, bacteria, viruses, and heavy metals, its toxicity being 100 times of that of arsenic.


Besides the poisonous food, there are also fake medications. Some fake medicine makers said that the profit from the fake medications were much higher than selling drugs like cocaine or making fake money, and with less risk. In February, 2012, the police in JiNan City of Shandong province found a place with 1,500 boxes of fake medicine for cancer and 8 machines to make the fake medicine. The medicine was sold in 14 provinces and worth over 11 millions. In June of the same year, in Tianjin City, the police arrested 9 suspects and the fake medicine was worth over 10 millions. The statistics from the prosecutors' office of Shenzhen City in Guangdong province showed that from 2009 to 2011, there were 17 cases of making fake medicines, involving 25 suspects.
It was said that a medicine selling for some thousand yuan had its cost only for 5.5 yuan. What profit! The police in Canton found a fake medicine case. The suspect confessed that he sold this medicine to some agency for 4,000 yuan and the agency sold it to some beauty parlor for 10,000 yuan and the beauty parlor sold it to their patronesses for 23,800 yuan.
There are also forged wine sold in China, generally made from methanol used in certain industries. During the Chinese new Year, 2013, five persons died of the forged wine. In 2012, 10,997 companies were found to have produced forged wine. There were 1,681 cases about it and the worth of all the forged wine was 1,116 millions.

X. An 8 magnitude earthquake struck Wenchuan

An 8 magnitude earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan province, China, on the 12th day of August, 2008. The earthquake center was 79 km northwest from Chengdu City, the capital of Sichuan province. The area affected covered 100,000 square kilometers. The tremor was detectable even in Liaoning province in the north, in Shanghai in the east, in Pakistan in the west and in Thailand and Vietnam in the south. By the 18th day of September, 69,227 people had died, 374,643 wounded and 17,824 not found. It damaged lots of houses, school buildings, communications and traffic equipments, and changed geographic features, and affected the hygeian and biological environments. Volunteers for the rescue came from many areas of China and even from many countries in the world. And also did the donations. But people doubted why no donations came from those most wealthy persons who were the families and relatives of the party leaders and who monopolized most of the largest enterprises in China.
Since 5,335 students died among the dead, there arose a question about the bad quality of the school buildings which crumbled in the earthquake causing the death of students. There are always the problem of bad quality buildings almost everywhere in China, because the builders only considered about less cost and more profit, not about people's lives. If any building collapses and people die from it, the builders pay only a small sum of money as compensations. In the idea of Chinese people, whoever kills people will pay with his own life. That means that if a building collapses and kills people, the builder should be at least put in prison for it, but no such things happen. So some bold builders just use bad quality materials for the buildings to lessen the cost. If they will be imprisoned for the bad quality, less builders will be so brave to do it. The law system in communist China protects the rich and powerful, not the people at large.
A special case happened after the earthquake. Many parents of the dead students wanted to sue the builders for the bad quality school buildings that occasioned the death of the students. On the 3rd day of June, 2008, they gathered before the court to demand the acceptance of the case. Then the police came and arrested some of the protesters. They also detained two Japanese reporters from Kyodo News Agency for one hour. Huang Qi, a Chinese citizen, helped the parents to make investigations and was sentenced for three years, charged with the guilt of “illegally possessing the national secret document” on the 23rd day of November, 1009. Guo Quan, an assistant professor of Nanking Normal University, wrote an article to criticize the bad quality school buildings and was convicted for ten years, charged with “the intention of overthrowing the regime.” Tan Zuoren, a writer, investigated the problem of the bad quality school buildings and collected the names of the dead students, and was sentenced for five years, charged with “the intention of overthrowing the regime” on the 9th day of February, 2010. People had such a doubt that if the communist regime was so weak to be overthrown by an article to criticize the bad quality school buildings or by the collection of the names of the dead students, this regime had long been overthrown. It is very astonishing that the communist party of China can invent such a ridiculous criminal charge.

XI. The Olympic Games in Beijing

Why was the communist party so crazy about hosting the Olympic Games in China? They thought that Olympic Games would bring the economy of China to a higher level, just like South Korea did in 1988. Many Chinese people believed it. Therefore, on the night of the 13th day of July, 2001, when the International Olympic Committee announced its decision that Beijing would host the Olympic Games in August of 2008, 400,000 people in the city gathered on TianAnMen Square for the celebration.
Then the Chinese government made all the necessary preparations. First, they invested $40 billions, but actually $42 billions were spent, equivalent to 290 billions yuan of Chinese currency. Although the party bragged of having lots of foreign currency in possession, yet they asked people for donations of money. It was said that they even deducted some money from the salary or wages of those who worked in government-run enterprises before paid to them. The forced donations. Second, there must be enough space to build competition areas like stadiums. So houses of about 1.25 million families were pulled down to make the space for Olympic Games.
Freedom of news report was temporarily allowed within a certain limit during the days the Olympic Games were going on. However, before and after the games, they tightened the mouth of reporters as usual. To win the applause of the audience, they appealed to the means of falsehood. The typical case was that the girl who sang the song in the opening ceremony was found to open her mouth to the music like she was singing, but actually another girl was singing behind the scene, because the girl stood on the stage having a poor voice, but a pretty face, while the girl actually sang having a good voice, but a plain face. And the fireworks were made up through computer 3D technique, not real fireworks, except for those over the main building of the Bird Nest which were real. To win gold medals, the false age of some girl athletes was given to authorities. It was said that the tickets were not actually sold to the public, but distributed to the controlled people who would not take drastic actions in the competitions to make the communist party look bad to the world.

XII. Guess what happened in car accidents in China

A special case was that in deep night on the 20th day of October, 2010, Yao Jiaxin, a junior student in XiAn Conservatory of Music, drove his red Chevy and knocked down a girl Zhang Miao on a motor bike in the same direction. The girl fell on the ground. Yao got out of his car to check on the girl, but when he found that the girl was still alive, and afraid that she had seen the plate number of his car and would report to the police causing him further trouble, he took out a knife from his car and stabbed her 8 times till she had no breath on the spot. Then Yao was caught by crowds and sent to the police station. He was sentenced to death.
Some cases of a child ran across the street and was knocked over by a car. Generally the driver of the car should stop and take the child to hospital. But in China, no such things occurred. The driver just rolled his car again and again, backwards and forwards, over the child till he was sure the child was dead and then sped away as fast as he could. No bystanders would interfere for fear of revenge later by the driver.
Another case was in Hangzhou City of Zhejiang province. A couple of boyfriend and girlfriend knocked over an old woman. They got down and lifted the old woman into the back seat of their car when they told bystanders that they would drive the old woman to hospital. But as a matter of fact, they drove to a suburb and buried the old woman alive. Then they deserted the car and escaped. At last they were caught by the police. The boy was convicted for life and the girl got service for a couple of years as accomplice. Such things only happened in the communist China, seldom in other countries.

XIII. Bo Xilai Event
 
1) Bo Xilai's demotion

Bo Xilai is the son of Bo Yibo (1908—2007), who joined CPC in 1925 and was defined as an old cadre. In China, people call sons (including daughters) of those old cadres as Clique of Crown Princes, because they are blue-blooded. Their fathers are newly-rising nobles in the communist red dynasty. Bo Xilai is one of them. He is very proud of his noble birth. He is always against traditions, for which he often had different ideas from others, even his superiors. His ambition was to be a party leader in the central committee of CPC, even the secretary general. At the time, Hu Jiaotao was the secretary general, who did not like the ambitious Bo, and nor did some old cadres. So finally he was demoted to be the party secretary of Chongqing City in Sichuan province in western China.
Once Bo arrived in Chongqing City, he complained to his buddies like Chen Gaosu, son of Chen Yi (1901—1972), the minister of foreign minister and a military marshal, and He Guangye, son of He Changgong (1900—1987). All three were from red families. They looked down on He Jiaotao, who came from the family of common people. They had a theory that when the fathers got the rule of the country, the sons were the lawful successors, like emperors and their sons. They deemed Hu Jiaotao as a CEO just working for the company while the Clique of Crown Princes were real owners. So they had a grudge against Hu.

Bo wanted to do something special to show that he was a talented man. Then he summoned Wang Lijun to Chongqing from Liaoning province, where Wang had worked under Bo. Wang was a very capable and cruel man. They both had a finger in the “taking human organs alive” crime. When Wang reached Chongqing, he was appointed a vice mayor and the municipal police commissioner. They had arrested and executed the head of some mafias, which had won the applause of people. Then they expanded their action to some so-called red businessmen and confiscated their property. By law the confiscated property should go to the local government treasury, but later, when a businessman escaped to Hongkong, he exposed that it all went to the pocket of Bo.
However, Bo planned something good economically, such as to let peasants relocate to the urban area from countryside, for which he wanted to build in three years 4,000 square kilometers of government-run low-rent housing. Once peasants relocated in the city, they could have permanent residence registration. All his plans were to develop local economy. His plans were called Chongqing model. He thought that his model could solve the financial problems in China, by which he hoped that he would be chosen to be a member of the standing central committee of CPC, but some party leaders did not think so while a few supported him. Anyway, his promotion looked promising without a hitch.
At the same time, Wang Lijun, on the pretense that he needed more supporters to deal with mafias, summoned more than 100 men that had worked under him from Liaoning province. He also secretly recruited 3,000 men as military police and police detectives so that he had an armed force under his control. The municipal police station in Chongqing became his independent regime outside the party leadership.

2) Gu Kailai's murder of Heywood

Gu Kailai is the wife of Bo. High officials of CPC often had mistresses besides the wife. So Bo had some mistresses, too, and ignored his wife sexually. In the early nineties of the last century, Neil Heywood, a British businessman, came to learn Chinese in Beijing Languages University. After graduation, he went to teach English to those noble posterities in Dalian City, where he got to know Bo Guagua, son of Bo Xilai and Gu Kailai, then got acquainted with the mother. As she was ignored a long time for love-making, she was thirsty for that and could not refrain herself before the handsome British man. If her husband could have mistresses, why couldn't she have a love partner? Did nowadays male and female have equal rights? Then Bo Xilai found it out, but he could not get divorce, nor expose it, because it would certainly affect his plan to get promotion to be a member of the central committee of CPC by this moral defect.
        After a while, Heywood grew tired of the mid-aged woman and began to alienate her, and finally refused to meet her. But Gu Kailai did not give up and bothered him by phones and emails. Heywood did not make any answer, and meanwhile, he secretly took her money from her accounts in foreign banks. Now Gu got really angry and decided to get rid of him. On the 15th of November, 2011, Gu let Zhang Xiaojun, who worked under Bo Xilai, poison Heywood. The police detectives went to the crime scene for investigation and found evidence through video data and decided that the murderer was Zhang Xiaojun. So they reported to Wang Lijun. Wang was a sly man. On one side, he followed the instruction of Gu to cremate the body of Heywood to cover the crime, but on the other, he collected proofs of the murder, like the hair and blood sample of Heywood. He had them for forensic analysis in writing.
According to Gu Kailai, confessed when cross-questioned at court, Heywood kidnapped her son because they had economic dispute. That was why Gu wanted to kill him. At first, Wang Lijun had a part in the murder and even suggested to induce Heywood to Chongqing and kill him on the excuse that he was selling drugs. But afterwards, Wang withdrew from the action, and Gu had to do it herself. However, this was her side of the story. Since Heywood was dead, his side of the story could never be known. At length, Gu was sentenced for life. This case was exposed by Wang Lijun when he went to the US consulate, or the public would never know it.
With such hard evidence in hand, proving Bo's wife's murder of Heywood, Wang went to see Bo and asked for more benefits and higher promotion. Bo Xilai was not a man to be threatened to agree to unreasonable demands. Therefore, he removed Wang from the dangerous position of the municipal police commissioner and let him work in education and health department. This meant demotion. He summoned the meeting of municipal party committee to make this decision on the 2nd of February, 2012, but the mayor Huang Qifan disagreed, saying that such a decision must be approved by the Ministry of Public Security of the central government. Bo could not stand any objection and was infuriated. He just threw his tea glass towards Huang, who left the meeting room. Other committee members all signed their consent on the document.

3) Wang Lijun went to US consulate in Chengdu City

Wang Lijun was very familiar with the way of Bo's action. He felt an upcoming threat to his life. He want to escape from it. He made careful plan and preparations. On the 6th of February, with the help of his friends in the police station, he got the permission to go into the US Consulate in Chengdu City.
On the way there, he changed cars four times to escape from pursuit and assassination. Once he had to hide in the deserted car having traffic accident and let his friend drive his car to mislead the pursuers. Another time, he had to make a detour round the toll booths on foot. His friend drove the car through the toll booths and then he got into the car again at a safe distance.
He reached the consulate about between 1pm and 2pm next day, accompanied by the vice director of the police bureau of Sichuan province. He walked into the consulate hiding among the consulate personnel, which he explained later that he had seen some strangers standing by the consulate building with hands in pockets. Their posture revealed that they carried guns.
        Once inside the consulate, he talked with the commercial attaché and told him the murder of the British businessman Neil Heywood by Gu Kailai, the wife of Bo, who wanted to kill him, because he had cracked the case. Then he produced a slip of paper written on it his request of political asylum, which stunned the consulate officials present. The situation was that soon after Wang entered the consulate, the police force from Chong1ing City sent by Bo under the command of the mayor Huang Qifan were surrounding the consulate. They came in seventy cars with the intention to arrest Wang. Meantime, the consulate reported the incident to the US embassy in Beijing, which reported to the administration in the United States for instructions how to deal with this emergency. The consulate was told not to grant the request of political asylum.
Mayor Huang Qifan came to talk with Wang Lijun and wanted him to surrender. But Wang said that he would only surrender to the central government, not to the local government Chongqing, because he knew clearly that once he went to Chongqing, he would soon be killed secretly. Then Hu Jiaotao learned the incident and ordered Liu Qibao, the party secretary of Sichuan province, to let provincial police force surround the police force from Chongqing. Then Hu called Bo and insisted that Bo should withdraw his police force. Bo had to accede and called Huang to beat a retreat.
Then Hu sent Qu Jin, a vice minister of Ministry of State Security, to take Wang to Beijing. Now Wang Lijun was safe, out of the reach of Bo Xilai. And now Bo feared that Wang would expose all the bad things he had done. Thus, Bo not only lost the chance of promotion, but also his life was at risk.

4) How Bo Xilai ended up

With such fear, Bo went to visit the 14th army group, of which his father had been the commander. This was really a bad move. Central party leaders would think that he wanted to launch a coup d'etat. So Hu Jiaotao sent his vice chairman of the central military commission of CPC, to warn the high-rank officers of that army group not to do anything wrong against the Party.
His buddies, Chen Gaosu and He Guangye, learned the incident, and advised by Zhou Yongkang, the head of The Central Politics and Law Commission of CPC, went to Chongqing City to comfort Bo while discussing how to deal with the situation. Zhou Yongkang wanted Bo to calm down first since it was the time that the term of Hu Jiaotao would soon be at end and Xi Jinping, who is also the son of an old cadre, belonging to the so-called clique of crown princes, would take over the power.
Chen Gaosu thought that Bo was too rash to make such a decision to remove Wang from so important and powerful position and urged Wang to take this exasperate step, which gave Hu Jiaotao a very good reason against Bo Xilai. It looked like Bo put the noose on his own neck. Anyway, their discussion brought up another decision that they had to struggle against Hu Jiaotao to the end, even to make the coup d'tat.

First they let the mayor Huang have an interview with the Phoenix New Media in Hongkong and deny that Huang had sent seventy police cars to surround the US consulate in Chengdu City. It was a rumor spread by their enemy (implying Hu Jiaotao). He said that he rode only in one car with three others. He said that since one of his vice mayor went into the US consulate, as the mayor, he had the responsibility to go there to take his vice mayor back to Chongqing. He also said that photos on websites showed the police cars, which belonged to Sichuan province government, not to Chongqing government. What he said was a challenge to the province police, who made a declaration to refute Huang. All this happened just before the opening of the National People's Congress. Hu wished to keep the safety and peace before the conference and so he sent He Guoqiang to see Chongqing delegation in Beijing with the real intention to warn Bo Xilai not to interfere with the opening of the conference, but Bo refused to comply with it. On the contrary, he boasted of his Chongqing model and said that Hu would go to Chongqing to affirm his achievements while Hu didn't have such an intention. As a matter of fact, Bo wanted to put Hu in an awkward position and do what he desired, which actually made Hu and other members of the standing central party committee furious.
At first, on the 16th of February, the central party committee already decided to give Bo only party discipline, like a warning fr something, not to the legal level. Now on the evening of the 13th of March, Hu held an emergent meeting and proposed to remove Bo from the position of the municipal party secretary of Chongqing City. Out of nine members, eight of them gave their pro votes except Zhou Yongkang, who gave his con vote. On the morning of the 14th of March, the day that the conference ended, Bo Xilai was arrested and put in confinement. On the 15th of March, Xinhua news agency made an official declaration to relieve Bo Xilai of the post of the party secretary of Chongqing. On the 25th day of October, 2013, Bo got the verdict for life.

5) 3.19 event

Chen Gaosu and He Guangye always had a deep hatred for Hu Jiaotao. It began when the trio worked in the central committee of the Chinese Communist Youth League. Chen and He despised Hu for his common birth background while they were very proud of their noble blood. Moreover, Hu got promotion after promotion while they almost stayed in the position of the same level. They never blamed themselves for their inabilities, which was the typical Chinese character. They never exerted themselves to do better than the one they hated. They just wished to make the one they hated fall from high position to where lower than their own posts so that they could laugh at him. Ridiculous?
As Bo Xilai was under custody, Chen Gaosu and He Guangye went to see Zhou Yongkang to instigate him for another attempt of coup d'tat. Zhou, as a member of the standing central committee of CPC, in charge of The Central Politics and Law Commission, had the command of the armed police. Since Zhou was a supporter of Bo Xilai, when Bo was out of power, the situation might develop unfavorable to him. Chen and He knew it and they wanted to persuade Zhou to use his armed police to attack ZhongNanHai, where the party leaders lived, and disposed of Hu Jiaotao. It was on 19th day of March (3.19), 2011.

Hu Jiaotao, as the chairman of CPC, of the military committee, and of China as a nation as well, had his own way to get the information. He sent for Xu Caihou and Guo Boxiong, both the vice chairmen of the military committee of CPC. Another vice chairman, Xi Jinping was away from Beijing at the time. With the support of Xu and Guo, Hu ordered the 113th division, belonging to the 38th army group, to maneuver to Beijing immediately, together with the 6th tank division and the 8th regiment of the air force. Once they arrived in Beijing, they should surround the buildings of Ministry of Public Security, of the headquarters of the armed force, and of the 8th Bureau of Ministry of Public Security. Then they should wait for further order. At the same time, Chen and He was having an urgent talk with Zhou in Zhou's office in the building of The Central Politics and Law Commission.
Just then, an officer of the armed police came in to report that their building was surrounded by some divisions from the 38th army group. They knew that Hu acted faster than they. They were hopeless now. Zhou detained Chen and He. Zhou would deliver them to Hu as he did not start his coup d'tat yet. He would let Chen and He be responsible for it. Meanwhile, he took He's advice to call Jiang Zeming, the ex-chairman of the military committee of CPC, to report this, as he was deemed as Jiang's man.
There was an agreement when Jiang retired from the post of the chairman of the military committee that if Hu wanted to take any military action, he must get the ascent of Jiang and Jiang had the right to say NO. So now he called Hu and advised Hu to withdraw the army. Hu and Zhou should make explanations to all this happenings at a special meeting of the standing central party committee. Hu had to comply with Jiang and the event thus ended. Later, Zhou was put in confinement, too.
As for Chen Gaosu and He Guangye, at the request of Jiang, Hu pardoned them. If Hu insisted on punishing them, he might offend the so-called clique of Crown Princes as a whole. Now Xi Jinping took over the power and became the chairman. He may still conceal the coup d'tat and accuse Zhou only of his other crimes, such as taking bribes.

(End)