两年前做的一份英译练习，【江城子】赏析资料英译：

江城子   乙卯正月二十日夜记梦
十年生死两茫茫。
不思量，自难忘。
千里孤坟，无处话凄凉。
纵使相逢应不识，尘满面，鬓如霜。
夜来幽梦忽还乡，小轩窗，正梳妆。
相顾无言，惟有泪千行。
料得年年肠断处：明月夜，短松冈。

词作鉴赏 　　Analysis of the Ci

题记中“乙卯”年指的是宋神宗熙宁八年（1075），其时苏东坡任密州（今山东诸城）知州，年已四十。正月二十日这天夜里，他梦见爱妻王弗，便写下了这首“有声当彻天，有泪当彻泉”（陈师道语）的悼亡词。 In the prefatory remarks, the year of 乙卯, which is the fifty second year of the 60 years cycle, refers to year 1075, the eighth year of the emperor Xining who had ruled his empire, and that was when Su, at the age of 40, held a post as the senior provincial government officer of Mizhou ( presently refers to zhucheng, Shandong). At that night of the 20th, January on the lunar calendar, he dreamed of his beloved late wife, Wang, therefore, in order to express his extreme sorrow from the loss of his wife, he wrote these heavy-hearted mourning words which, according to 陈师道, could have started the universe and moved the gods. 　　苏东坡的这首词是“记梦”，而且明确写了做梦的日子。但实际上，词中记梦境的只有下片的五句，其他都是真挚朴素，沉痛感人的抒情文字。“十年生死两茫茫”生死相隔，死者对人世是茫然无知了，而活着的人对逝者呢，不也同样吗？恩爱夫妻，一朝永诀，转瞬十年了。“不思量，自难忘”人虽云亡，而过去美好的情景“自难忘”呵！王弗逝世十年了，想当初年方十六的王弗嫁给了十九岁的苏东坡，少年夫妻情深意重自不必说，更难得她蕙质兰心，明事理。Su's first words of this Ci  were "To remember a dream", that he clearly indicated the day that he dreamed of his wife. But the fact is, in those two stanzas, there are only five sentences written to remember his dreams, and the rest are real simple, which are deeply touching lyrical texts. " For ten years now, the border between life and death has been boundless" Being separated from life and death, being a deceased, his wife was all at sea now when she faced her husband and who was still alive. Alas! The feeling of being loss wouldn't be the same to him? Just like Darby and Joan, a happily married couple who lived a placid and harmonious life together and suddenly were forced to part forever ."There is no need to remember it for it is an experience which is truly unforgettable." Although his wife had already died, the good memories about her still and would be always living in the bottom of his heart. Oh! It has been ten years since the death of his wife. In retrospect, when they got married, Wang was 16 and Su was 19. A young couple who were very much in love, and more importantly, Wang was clever and kind, such a true empathetic person. (to be continued)

这十年间，东坡因反对王安石的新法，颇受压制，心境悲愤；到密州后，又忙于处理政务，生活困苦，他又怎能“不思量”那聪慧明理的贤内助呢。作者将“不思量”与“自难忘”并举，利用这两组看似矛盾的心态之间的张力，真实而深刻地揭示自己内心的情感。年年月月，朝朝暮暮，虽然不是经常悬念，但也时刻未曾忘却！或许正是出于对爱妻王弗的深切思念，东坡续娶了王弗的堂妹王润之，据说此女颇有其堂姐风韵。十年忌辰，触动人心的日子里，往事蓦然来到心间，久蓄的情感潜流，忽如闸门大开，奔腾澎湃难以遏止。“千里孤坟，无处话凄凉”。想到爱妻华年早逝，远隔千里，无处可以话凄凉，说沉痛。其实即便坟墓近身边，隔着生死，就能话凄凉了吗？这是抹煞了生死界线的痴语，情语，格外感人。“纵使相逢应不识，尘满面，鬓如霜。” Over the last 10 years, because of being opposed to the new law ruled by Anshi Wang, so in a great extent, he had been coping with grief of mind caused by being repressed by his opposition party members. Upon his arrival in Mizhou, he was busy coping with government affairs, and at the same time, he dealt with a hard life. Thus, in such a great hardship, how could he stop thinking of his bright and sensible wife? The poet employed "not thinking" and "unforgettable" simultaneously, taking advantage of this tension between the two seemingly contradictory state of minds, to truly and profoundly reveal his inner emotions. Although he didn't spend the whole day and the whole year thinking of his wife, he still never forgot about her. Probably of the deep thoughts for his beloved wife, Su later on married his wife's cousin Runzhi Wang, who was said to have the same charm as Wang. At the ten year anniversary of his wife's death, in those touching days, all of a sudden, all the past came to his mind and the emotional undercurrents which had been long accumulated over time gave rise to his growing tensions, as a result, those undercurrents surged as river water through the wide open water gate, and hard to stop. " Her lonely grave was a thousand miles away, which seemed more than desolate" His wife died young, being so far away, that he could not pour out his sadness and bitterness to her. But even if her grave was nearby, over life and death, could he talk about his misery and loneliness to her? The obliteration of the boundaries of life and death, crazy words, and lover's prattles are extremely moving. "Even though seeing face to face, we won't recognize each other, because the dust on my face and grey hair on both side of my head" 这三个长短句，又把现实与梦幻混同了起来，把死别后的个人忧愤，包括苍老衰败之中，这时他才四十岁，已经“鬓如霜”了。她辞别人世已经十年了，“纵使相逢”恐怕也认“我”不出了。这个不可能的假设，感情深沉悲痛，表现了对爱侣的深切怀念，也寄寓了自己的身世之感These three short sentences are mixing up the reality and his dreams. He had worried a lot and was indignant at miserable things that  happened to him since the death of wife. A full head of grey hair made him look as if he was in his declining years, in spite of the fact that he was only 40 years old. She has been dead for ten years, "Even if we ran into each other on the street, she probably could not recognize who I am". The impossible hypothesis and his intense feelings of grief had demonstrated that he still fell deeply in love with his wife. The poet also projected his own sense into his thoughts about life.　　如梦如幻，似真非真，其间真情恐怕不是仅仅依从父命，感于身世吧。苏东坡曾《亡妻王氏墓士铭》记述了“妇从汝于艰难，不可忘也”的父训。作者索于心，托于梦的实是一份“不思量，自难忘”的患难深情啊。The poet was, as if wandering between dream and illusion, feeling the real things based on a fantasy. In the meanwhile, probably this kind of feelings were not only about to obey his father, he might also feel miserable about the hardship that he had been through. Su, in The Epitaph to My Late Wife Wang, stated the guidance words his father said to him, "She was a good woman, you should never forget about her kindness." All in all it was about his deeply engrained love for his beloved wife who  would always live in his heart. 　　下片的头五句，才入了题开始“记梦”。“夜来幽梦忽还乡”，是记叙，写自己梦中忽然回到了时念中的故乡，那个两人曾共度甜蜜岁月的地方。 “小轩窗，正梳妆”那小室，亲切而又熟悉，她情态容貌，依稀当年，正梳妆打扮。夫妻相见，没有出现久别重逢、卿卿我我的亲昵，而是“相顾无言，唯有泪千行”！“无言”，包括了千言万语，表现了“此时无声胜有声”的沉痛，别后种种从何说起？一个梦，把过去拉了回来，把现实的感受溶入梦中，使这个梦令人感到无限凄凉。“料得年年肠断处；明月夜，短松冈。”作者料想长眠地下的爱侣，年年伤逝的这个日子，为了眷恋人世、难舍亲人，该是柔肠寸断了吧？推己至人，作者设想此时亡妻一个人凄冷幽独的“明月”之夜的心境，可谓用心良苦。这番痴情苦心实可感天动地。In the second stanza, the first five sentences, the poet started to describe his dreams. "The night I dreamed to return", is a narration which described how he dreamed and suddenly returned to his hometown where he and his wife once spent their sweet time together. "Beside the little porch window, you are dressing up". The small room was warm and familiar, she looked almost the same as before, was busy with putting her makeup on. Out of his expectation, after being apart for so long, he saw no lovey-dovey affection between him and his wife, but what he saw was that, in silence, they were looking at one another and crying quietly with tears dripping down their faces. That was the moment when silence is more expressive than all the words ever spoken, that was a deep feeling of remorse. After all these years, what else could they say? So they chose to be silent. A dream pulled back the past, a sorrowful feeling about the reality was dissolved into the dream, making the dream seen more desolate. "料得年年肠断处；明月夜，短松冈" Somewhere broken-hearted and  moon shines bright every time of the year named Short Pine Ridge. The poet predicted that his wife who was in another world, every year on her anniversary of her death must be distressed and heartbroken because of missing  him and other relatives. Putting his feet in her shoes, the poet assumed that his wife must be in a sorrowful state of mind, being alone, facing the cold and quiet moon. Through all this we can see that the poet really gave much thought to this Ci and made it a touching and compelling masterpiece.

宋词英译：【钗头凤】/唐琬

世情薄，人情恶，雨送黄昏花易落。晓风干，泪痕残。欲笺心事，独语斜阑。难，难，难！
人成各，今非昨，病魂常似秋千索。角声寒，夜阑珊。怕人寻问，咽泪装欢。瞒，瞒，瞒

Out there, it is a cruel secular heart,

Same as the human touch, aloof and far,

At dusk, flowers drop after rain starts,

Tears are dried up in the morning breeze,

And only leave my face in stains, freeze.

I try to write and set my heart at ease,

Lean against the rail, talking, only me.



Hard, hard, hard!

Since we were forced to be separated,

Today and yesterday, no longer related,

Like a swing rope, I am broken hearted.

Feeling cold due to the distant trumpet,

Before I know it, the night has been deep.

I am afraid of being asked why I am sad,

Holding back my tears, happy, I fake it.

Hide, hide, hide!

Translator: Xiaoman,  April 29， 2013

苏轼《江城子•凤凰山下雨初晴》


鳳凰山下雨初晴，水風清，晚霞明，一朵芙蕖，開過尚盈盈。何處飛來雙白鷺，如有意，慕娉婷。
At the Phoenix Mountain valley,
Rain just stopped and it turns sunny.
Water is clear and wind is light,
Sunset clouds are bright.
A lotus has already passed the time of blossom,
But still looks awesome.
Where are they from in the air,
The egrets in pair?
They seem to have the intention,
To give the flower admiration.

(April 30, 2015)

（待续）


忽聞江上弄哀箏，苦含情，遣誰聽？煙斂雲收，依約是湘靈。欲待曲終尋問取，人不見，數峰青。

读古人的诗文，满是伤痛，道的都是人间凄苦冷暖。古人用情一个“深”一个“真”，戳得你心痛：

“十年生死两茫茫。
不思量，自难忘。
千里孤坟，无处话凄凉。
纵使相逢应不识，尘满面，鬓如霜。
夜来幽梦忽还乡，小轩窗，正梳妆。
相顾无言，惟有泪千行。
料得年年肠断处：明月夜，短松冈。”

“世情薄，人情恶，雨送黄昏花易落。晓风干，泪痕残。欲笺心事，独语斜阑。难，难，难！
人成各，今非昨，病魂常似秋千索。角声寒，夜阑珊。怕人寻问，咽泪装欢。瞒，瞒，瞒”

小曼怎么不用上陆游钗头凤呢？唐婉这首有人认为是后人杜撰的。因为写到如此境界的人不可能就一首传世啊。

录一段来：
【钗头凤：陆游】

红酥手，黄藤酒，满城春色宫墙柳。东风恶，欢情薄，一怀愁绪，几年离索。错，错，错！
春如旧，人空瘦，泪痕红浥鲛绡透。桃花落，闲池阁，山盟虽在，锦书难托。莫，莫，莫！

【钗头凤：唐婉】

世情薄，人情恶，雨送黄昏花易落。晓风干，泪痕残，欲笺心事，独语斜阑。难，难，难！
人成各，今非昨，病魂常似秋千索。角声寒，夜阑珊，怕人寻问，咽泪装欢。瞒，瞒，瞒！

浥（yì）：湿润
鲛绡（jiāo xiāo）：神话传说鲛人所织的绡，极薄，后用以泛指薄纱。鲛人，亦作“蛟人”，神话传说中生活在海中的人，其泪珠能变成珍珠。绡，生丝，生丝织物。

唐婉：字蕙仙，生卒年月不详。陆游的表妹，陆游母舅唐诚女儿，自幼文静灵秀，才华横溢。她也是陆游的第一任妻子，后因陆母偏见而被拆散，因此写下著名的《钗头凤》（世情薄）。

延伸：

两阂词出自不同的人之手，却浸润着同样的情怨和无奈，因为它们共同诉说着一个凄婉的爱情故事——唐婉与陆游沈园情梦。
陆游是南宋时期著名的爱国诗人。他出生于越州山阳一个殷实的书香之家，幼年时期，正值金人南侵，常随家人四处逃难。这时，他母舅唐诚一家与陆家交往甚多。唐诚有一女儿，名唤唐婉，字蕙仙，自幼文静灵秀，不善言语却善解人意。与年龄相仿的陆游情意十分相投，两人青梅竹马，耳鬓厮磨，虽在兵荒马乱之中，两个不谙世事的少年仍然相伴度过一段纯洁无暇的美好时光。随着年龄的增长，一种萦绕心肠的情愫在两人心中渐渐滋生了。
青春年华的陆游与唐婉都擅长诗词，他们常借诗词倾诉衷肠，花前月下，二人吟诗作对，互相唱和，丽影成双，宛如一双翩跹于花丛中的彩蝶，眉目中洋溢着幸福和谐。两家父母和众亲朋好友，也都认为他们是天造地设的一对，于是陆家就以一只精美无比的家传凤钗作信物，订下了唐家这门亲上加亲的姻事。成年后，一夜洞房花烛，唐婉便成了陆家的媳妇。从此，陆游、唐婉更是鱼水欢谐、情爱弥深，沉醉于两个人的天地中，不知今夕何夕，把什么科举课业、功名利碌、甚至家人至亲都暂时抛置于九霄云外。陆游此时已经荫补登仕郎，但这只是进仕为官的第一步，紧接着还要赴临安参加“锁厅试”以及礼部会试。新婚燕尔的陆游留连于温柔乡里，根本无暇顾及应试功课。陆游的母亲唐氏是一位威严而专横的女性。她一心盼望儿子陆游金榜题名，登科进官，以便光耀门庭。目睹眼下的状况，她大为不满，几次以姑姑的身份、更以婆婆的立场对唐婉大加训斥，责令她以丈夫的科举前途为重，淡薄儿女之情。但陆、唐二人情意缠绵，无以复顾，情况始终未见显著的改善。陆母因之对儿媳大起反感，认为唐婉实在是唐家的扫帚星，将把儿子的前程耽误贻尽。于是她来到郊外无量庵，请庵中尼姑妙因为儿、媳卜算命运。妙因一番掐算后，煞有介事地说：“唐婉与陆游八字不合，先是予以误导，终必性命难保。”陆母闻言，吓得魂飞魄散，急匆匆赶回家，叫来陆游，强令他道：“速修一纸休书，将唐婉休弃，否则老身与之同尽。”这一句，无疑晴天忽起惊雷，震得陆游不知所以。待陆母将唐婉的种种不是历数一遍，陆游心中悲如刀绞，素来孝顺的他，面对态度坚决的母亲，除了暗自饮泣，别无他法。
迫于母命难违，陆游只得答应把唐婉送归娘家。这种情形在今天看来似乎不合常理，两个人的感情岂容他人干涉。但在崇尚孝道的中国古代社会，母命就是圣旨，为人子的得不从。就这样，一双情意深切的鸳鸯，行将被无由的孝道、世俗功和虚玄的命运八字活活拆散。陆游与唐婉难舍难分，不忍就此一去，相聚无缘，于是悄悄另筑别院安置唐婉，陆游一有机会就前去与唐婉鸳梦重续、燕好如初。无奈纸总包不住火，精明的陆母很快就察觉了此事。严令二人断绝来往，并为陆游另娶一位温顺本分的王氏女为妻，彻底切断了陆、唐之间的悠悠情丝。
无奈之下，陆游只得收拾起满腔的幽怨，在母亲的督教下，重理科举课业，埋头苦读了三年，在二十七岁那年只身离开了故乡山阴，前往临安参加“锁厅试”。在临安，陆游以他扎实的经学功底和才气横溢的文思博得了考官陆阜的赏识，被荐为魁首。同科试获取第二名的恰好是当朝宰相秦桧的孙子秦埙。秦桧深感脸上无光，于是在第二年春天的礼部会试时，硬是借故将陆游的试卷剔除。使得陆游的仕途在一开始就遭受了风雨。
礼部会试失利，陆游回到家乡，家乡风景依旧，人面已新。睹物思人，心中倍感凄凉。为了排遣愁绪，陆游时时独自倘祥在青山绿水之中，或者闲坐野寺探幽访古；或者出入酒肆把酒吟诗；或者浪迹街市狂歌高哭。就这样过着悠游放荡的生活。在一个繁花竞妍的春日晌午，陆游随意漫步到禹迹寺的沈园。沈园是一个布局典雅的园林花园，园内花木扶疏，石山耸翠，曲径通幽，是当地人游春赏花的一个好去处。在园林深处的幽径上迎面款步走来一位绵衣女子，低首信步的陆游猛一抬头，竟是阔别数年的前妻唐婉。在那一刹间，时光与目光都凝固了，两人的目光胶着在一起，都感觉得恍惚迷茫，不知是梦是真，眼帘中饱含的不知是情、是怨、是思、是怜。此时的唐婉，已由家人作主嫁给了同郡士人赵士程，赵家系皇家后裔、门庭显赫，赵士程是个宽厚重情的读书人，他对曾经遭受情感挫折的唐婉，表现出诚挚的同情与谅解。使唐婉饱受到创伤的心灵已渐渐平复，并且开始萌生新的感情苗芽。这时与陆游的不期而遇，无疑将唐婉已经封闭的心灵重新打开，里面积蓄已久的旧日柔情、千般委屈一下子奔泄出来，柔弱的唐婉对这种感觉几乎无力承受。而陆游，几年来虽然借苦读和诗酒强抑着对唐婉的思念，但在这一刻，那埋在内心深处的旧日情思不由得涌出。四目相对，千般心事、万般情怀，却不知从何说起。这次唐婉是与夫君赵士程相偕游赏沈园的，那边赵士程正等她进食。在好一阵恍惚之后，已为他人之妻的唐婉终于提起沉重的脚步，留下深深的一瞥之后走远了，只留下了陆游在花丛中怔怔发呆。
和风袭来，吹醒了沉在旧梦中的陆游，他不由地循着唐婉的身影追寻而去，来到池塘边柳丛下，遥见唐婉与赵士程正在池中水榭上进食。隐隐看见唐婉低首蹙眉，有心无心地伸出玉手红袖，与赵士程浅斟慢饮。这一似曾相识的场景，看得陆游的心都碎了。昨日情梦，今日痴怨尽绕心头，感慨万端，于是提笔在粉壁上题了一阙“钗头凤”，这就是开头所提到的第一首词。
随后，秦桧病死。朝中重新召用陆游，陆游奉命出任宁德县立簿，远远离开了故乡山阴。第二年春天，抱着一种莫名的憧憬，唐婉再一次来到沈园，徘徊在曲径回廊之间，忽然瞥见陆游的题词。反复吟诵，想起往日二人诗词唱和的情景，不由得泪流满面，心潮起伏，不知不觉中和了一阙词，题在陆游的词后，这就是开头提到的第二首“钗头凤”。
唐婉是一个极重情谊的女子，与陆游的爱情本是十分完美的结合，却毁于世俗的风雨中。赵士程虽然重新给了她感情的抚慰，但毕竟曾经沧海难为水。与陆游那份刻骨铭心的情缘始终留在她情感世界的最深处。自从看到了陆游的题词，她的心就再难以平静。追忆似水的往昔、叹惜无奈的世事，感情的烈火煎熬着她，使她日臻憔悴，悒郁成疾，在秋意萧瑟的时节化作一片落叶悄悄随风逝去。只留下一阙多情的《钗头凤》，令后人为之唏嘘叹息。

多谢先生雅临和转来陆游的《钗头凤》！ 我试翻译：

红酥手，Your hands look slim and fine,  
黄滕酒。You serve me with a cup of wine.  
满城春色宫墙柳；The willow trees in the city adorn the spring scene ;     
东风恶，  But loathsome is  the east winds,  
欢情薄，  Which blow our happiness away,  
一怀愁绪， Making me feel melancholy day by day
几年离索，Our parting has been several years now.   
错，错，错！Wrong, wrong, wrong!　　

春如旧        What remains the same is the spring,  
人空瘦。    But skinny is what you are looking.
泪痕红浥鲛绡透；Your handkerchief is thoroughly wet by your tears;  
桃花落，     The peach blossoms drop
闲池阁，   On the pavilion top,
山盟虽在，Our solemn pledge of love is still there,  
锦书难托， But  our letters get lost in the middle of nowhere,  
莫，莫，莫！No! No! No!

我认为中国诗词是不能翻译的，因为外语无法表达我们的文化内涵。对别人翻译的我不读，都是味道全失。但你还小，时间用此有点可惜。就此，用我糟糕的英语理解之后，再翻译回来，这是我的理解，估计不至于就我一人吧。这可能就和原版差异大了。

红酥手，Your hands look slim and fine,  你的瘦手不错。
黄滕酒。You serve me with a cup of wine.  你给我一杯酒
满城春色宫墙柳；The willow trees in the city adorn the spring scene ;     
东风恶，  But loathsome is  the east winds,  
欢情薄，  Which blow our happiness away,  吹走我们的欢乐
一怀愁绪， Making me feel melancholy day by day 使我一天又一天的愁
几年离索，Our parting has been several years now.   我们分离几年了
错，错，错！Wrong, wrong, wrong!　　

春如旧        What remains the same is the spring,  春天还是保持那样
人空瘦。    But skinny is what you are looking. 但你看起来瘦了。
泪痕红浥鲛绡透；Your handkerchief is thoroughly wet by your tears;  你的手绢透湿于你的眼泪
桃花落，     The peach blossoms drop 桃花落
闲池阁，   On the pavilion top, 在窗上
山盟虽在，Our solemn pledge of love is still there,  我们爱的誓言还在那儿
锦书难托， But  our letters get lost in the middle of nowhere,  我们的信丢失了
莫，莫，莫！No! No! No! 不 不 不

没有翻译的句子是我把握不住其中词汇，就不瞎说了。

：）这样再翻过来就有点儿意思了，就是滑稽，搞笑。谢谢幽灵先生！

我平时就是这样学汉语和英语---阅读背景资料

我估计老外读的一定是我的意思。所以呀，我劝你别吧时间浪费在这方面。翻译文学作品小说散文有世界共性。诗歌很难到位，几乎不可能。我这样瞎说你不会介意吧？

骑车在道。休闲掏出手机看看，随即跟贴。

幽灵老师见解独到！

我最近也看散文翻译和英语小说。

我翻译过几篇英语优秀作品，不知道你读到没有，可能在我的文集里。你去搜索一下。