英译：前出师表
臥龍 （译前）
羽扇綸巾瑞香風，
妙算無雙數臥龍。
出師名世圖八陣，
流芳千载史冊中。
文/小曼 Feb. 21, 2016
文/小曼
The late Emperor passed away,
when he just had his task done halfway.
China now has three kingdoms,
people in Yizhou get tiresome.
The nation indeed faces a crisis,
but all officials do their best duties.
Royal guards stay alert in the palace,
soldiers in battle fields remain brave.
Maybe they're grateful for the grace given
by the late Emperor and wish to return.
Your Majesty should listen to advices,
and carry on the late Emperor's virtues;
inspire those ambitious people,
and to yourself, try not to belittle.
not to say things that are unsuitable
so as not to stop those who are faithful.
The palace and court are a whole body,
Officials should be treated no differently.
Rewards to those who do good deeds
or punishments to those who do wrongness,
Both should be judged by the related officer
So to show that you are a great strict Ruler
who is justice, with no bias and selfishness;
to make a difference in the court and palace.
Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun are people
who've always been honest, kind and loyal.
So the late Emperor decided to choose
them to help Your Majesty to improve.
Your Majesty should ask them for advice,
all matters in the palace, small or big ones,
then fulfill the plans after the discussions,
to avoid the pitfalls and reap lots of benefits.
Xiang Chong, justice and proficient in military,
The late Emperor praised that he is so masterly,
Therefore, he was recommended by everybody
to take the position of the Central Governor,
Your Majesty should treat him as an advisor,
then the army should become harmonious,
everyone will certainly do their own duties.
You should get close to virtuous ministers,
and stay away from those vile characters.
That's why the Western Han Dynasty
could successfully keep its own prosperity.
Getting close to vile characters
and staying away from virtuous ministers
was the cause of the decline
of the Dynasty of Eastern Han.
When the Late Emperor was alive
he used to give big sad sighs
while talking about all these:
Emperor Huan and Ling's silliness.
Shizhong, Shangshu , Changshi and Canjun
are all excellent and faithful officials
who are so patriotic that they can
give their lives to protect the nation.
Thus, I hope that Your Majesty
will get close to them for prosperity.
（To be continued)
译文/刘小曼
前出师表
朝代：两汉
作者：诸葛亮
原文：
先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。
侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下：愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏，有所广益。
将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督：愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。
亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。
臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间：尔来二十有一年矣。
先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允等之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激。
今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。
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